Basic Set Theory

You should ensure you properly understand the meaning of the following notation:

• The empty set $\emptyset$
• Set extension $\{x,y,z,\ldots\}$
• Set comprehension $\{ x \in S \mid P(x) \}$
• Binary union $X \cup Y$
• Binary intersection $X \cap Y$
• Difference $X - Y$
• Complement $X^c$
• Subset inclusion $X \subseteq Y$
• Set cardinality (number of elements) \(\lvert X \rvert\)